International

The National Science Board’s Science and Engineering Indicators (2022) show that from 2000 to 2018, there has been an increase across several countries in the number of science and engineering doctoral degrees.

Career expectations of boys and girls around the world show that gaps exist among young men and women on their plans to pursue a science or engineering career.

The OECD also reports that on average, among OECD countries, new entrants into the fields of engineering, manufacturing, and construction represented about 16% of all new entrants in tertiary education, which includes any post-secondary educational level except doctoral level. On average, among OECD countries, in 2015, women represented 24% of all new entrants in engineering,…

The OECD (2019a) found that on average, across countries that are members of OECD, boys’ mean score in math was higher than girls’ mean score by about five points. Yet, in science, girls’ mean score in science was slightly higher than boys’ mean score by two points.