International

From 2000 to 2014, the number of global undergraduate degrees or equivalent (termed “first university degrees” for international statistical comparisons) in engineering awarded has increased, as seen in the National Science Board’s Science and Engineering Indicators (2018).

Over 120 national science academies and disciplinary associations from across the world participated in the surveys and reported on women’s science participation. The report found that women’s representation remained low from 2015 to 2020 across various countries in the world.

The National Science Board’s Science and Engineering Indicators (2022) show that from 2000 to 2018, there has been an increase across several countries in the number of science and engineering doctoral degrees.

Career expectations of boys and girls around the world show that gaps exist among young men and women on their plans to pursue a science or engineering career.

The OECD (2019a) found that on average, across countries that are members of OECD, boys’ mean score in math was higher than girls’ mean score by about five points. Yet, in science, girls’ mean score in science was slightly higher than boys’ mean score by two points.