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Global STEM Workplace

Historically, women represent a much lower share of the STEM workforce than men, including in research positions across most countries. According to the World Economic Forum, women made up only 28.2% of the STEM global workforce in 2024. In non-STEM fields, women comprised 47.3% of the workforce. Among research, women held less than one-third of research positions (UNESCO Institute for Statistics, UIS). UIS collects data on research and development (R&D) for over 40 countries by gender. Elsevier tracks gender diversity in scientific research worldwide.

Turkey Primary and Secondary Academic Preparation

Understanding students’ academic preparation in math and science is critical to ensuring success in STEM subjects. Scores from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) allow analysis of the performance of boys and girls across various grades in Turkey's educational system. The PISA is a series of reports comparing 15-year-olds academic performance across subjects and countries. The TIMSS measures 4th and 8th grades math and science achievement across 64 countries.

Singapore Primary and Secondary Academic Preparation

Understanding students’ academic preparation in math and science is critical to ensuring success in STEM subjects. Scores from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) allow analysis of the performance of boys and girls across various grades in the Singaporean educational system. The PISA is a series of reports comparing 15-year-olds academic performance across subjects and countries. The TIMSS measures 4th and 8th grades math and science achievement across 64 countries.

Spain Primary and Secondary Academic Preparation

Understanding students’ academic preparation in math and science is critical to ensuring success in STEM subjects. Scores from the international examination the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) allow analysis of the performance of boys and girls across various grades in the Spanish educational system. The PISA is a series of reports comparing 15-year-olds academic performance across subjects and countries. TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) is a global evaluation given every four years to students in the fourth grade to measure their understanding of mathematics and science concepts.

Malaysia Primary and Secondary Academic Preparation

Understanding students’ academic preparation in math and science is critical to ensuring success in STEM subjects. Scores from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) allow analysis of the performance of boys and girls across various grades in the Malaysian educational system. The PISA is a series of reports comparing 15-year-olds academic performance across subjects and countries. The TIMSS measures 8th grades math and science achievement across 64 countries.

Canada Primary and Secondary Academic Preparation

Understanding students’ academic preparation in math and science is critical to ensuring success in STEM subjects. Scores from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) allow analysis of the performance of boys and girls across various grades in the Canadian educational system. The PISA is a series of reports comparing 15-year-olds academic performance across subjects and countries. The TIMSS measures 4th grade math and science achievement across 64 countries.

Australia Primary and Secondary Academic Preparation

Understanding students’ academic preparation in math and science is critical to ensuring success in STEM subjects. Scores from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) allow analysis of the performance of boys and girls across various grades in the Australian educational system. The PISA is a series of reports comparing 15-year-olds academic performance across subjects and countries. The TIMSS measures 4th and 8th grades math and science achievement across 64 countries. The Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute (AMSI) reports enrollment by gender in mathematics courses for high school students in Year 12 and provides insight on the preparation level of students for tertiary education.

Switzerland Primary and Secondary Academic Preparation

Understanding students’ academic preparation in math and science is critical to ensuring success in STEM subjects. Scores from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) allow analysis of the performance of boys and girls across various grades in Switzerland's educational system. The PISA is a series of reports comparing 15-year-olds academic performance across subjects and countries.

Italy Tertiary Education

According to data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), women make up a smaller proportion of students entering, enrolled in, and graduating from engineering, manufacturing, and construction (EMC) programs when compared to men.

Italy Primary and Secondary Academic Preparation

Understanding students’ academic preparation in math and science is critical to ensuring success in STEM subjects. Scores from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) allow analysis of the performance of boys and girls across various grades in Italy's educational system. The PISA is a series of reports comparing 15-year-olds academic performance across subjects and countries. The TIMSS measures 4th and 8th grades math and science achievement across 64 countries.

Ireland Primary and Secondary Academic Preparation

Understanding students’ academic preparation in math and science is critical to ensuring success in STEM subjects. Scores from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) allow analysis of the performance of boys and girls across various grades in Ireland's educational system. The PISA is a series of reports comparing 15-year-olds academic performance across subjects and countries. The TIMSS measures 4th and 8th grades math and science achievement across 64 countries.

Czech Republic Tertiary Education

According to data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), women make up a smaller proportion of students entering, enrolled in, and graduating from engineering, manufacturing, and construction (EMC) programs when compared to men.